Anisotropic dynamics in a shaken granular dimer gas experiment

The dynamics, velocity fluctuations, and particle-plate interactions for a 2D granular gas of shaken, non-spherical particles are studied experimentally. The experiment consists of a horizontal plate that is vertically oscillated to drive the dynamics of macroscopic dimers, spherical pairs that are loosely connected by a rod that couple the interaction each of the spheres has with the shaking plate. The extended nature of the particles results in more than one energy-momentum transfer between the plate and each dimer per shaking cycle. This complex interaction results in anisotropic behavior for the dimer that is a function of the shaking parameters.Comment: 10 pages and 5 figure

A comparative analysis between Arabic and English of the verbal system using google translate

The Arabic language has not been widely studied in computational terms. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to provide an understanding of morphology and forms of Arabic and English verbs in their syntactic context, in order to reveal details that can be used in current machine processing systems

A comparative analysis of the Arabic and English verb systems using a Quranic Arabic corpus

The Quranic Arabic corpus is one of the most important computational tools that has been produced in Arabic language service. Therefore, the main purpose of this papers is to provide some details of morphological and syntactic structures of Arabic and English verbs through deep computing studies of the Quran. The paper will also highlight some investigations into the use of a sub-verb corpus, along with translations, in order to consider how Quranic contexts employ verb forms to indicate time and how Arabic verbs are rendered into English

A Contrastive Study of the Arabic and English Verb Tense and Aspect A Corpus-Based Approach

There is so far only limited research that applies a corpus-based approach to the study of the Arabic language. The primary purpose of this paper is therefore to explore the verb systems of Arabic and English using the Quranic Arabic Corpus, focussing on their similarities and differences in tense and aspect as expressed by verb structures and their morphology. Understanding the use of different verb structures, participles, and auxiliary verbs that are used to indicate time and actions may be one way to improve translation quality between Arabic and English. In order to analyse these forms, a sub-corpus of two Arabic verb forms and their translations in English were created. The Arabic verbs and their English translations were then compared and analysed in terms of syntactic and morphological features. The following English translations of the Quran were used: Sahih International, Pickthall, Yusuf Ali, Shakir, Muhammad Sarwar, Mohsin Khan, Arberry. The analysis shows a considerable disagreement between the Arabic verb tense and aspect, and their translations. This suggests that translating Arabic verbs into English is fraught with difficulty. The analysis of the corpus data can be categorised and calculated and can then potentially be used to improve the translation between the two languages

Preliminary Radiation Analysis of the Total Ionizing Dose for the Resource Prospector Mission

NASA's Resource Prospector (RP) is a collaborative project between multiple centers and institutions to search for volatiles at the polar regions of the Moon as a potential resource for oxygen and propellant production. The mission is rated Class D and will be the first In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) demonstration on the lunar surface and at the lunar poles. Given that this mission is rated Class D, the project is considering using commercial off the shelf (COTS) electronics parts to reduce cost. However, COTS parts can be more susceptible to space radiation than typical aerospace electronic parts and carry some additional risk. Thus, prior to parts selection, having a better understanding of the radiation environment can assist designers in the parts selection process. The focus of this paper is to provide a preliminary analysis of the radiation environment from launch, through landing on the surface, and some surface stay as an initial step in determining worst case mission doses to assist designers in screening out electronic parts that would not meet the potential dose levels experienced on this mission

Serpin genes AtSRP2 and AtSRP3 are required for normal growth sensitivity to a DNA alkylating agent in Arabidopsis

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The complex responses of plants to DNA damage are incompletely understood and the role of members of the serpin protein family has not been investigated. Serpins are functionally diverse but structurally conserved proteins found in all three domains of life. In animals, most serpins have regulatory functions through potent, irreversible inhibition of specific serine or cysteine proteinases via a unique suicide-substrate mechanism. Plant serpins are also potent proteinase inhibitors, but their physiological roles are largely unknown.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Six <it>Arabidopsis </it>genes encoding full-length serpins were differentially expressed in developing seedlings and mature tissues. Basal levels of <it>AtSRP2 </it>(At2g14540) and <it>AtSRP3 </it>(At1g64030) transcripts were highest in reproductive tissues. <it>AtSRP2 </it>was induced 5-fold and <it>AtSRP3 </it>100-fold after exposure of seedlings to low concentrations of methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), a model alkylating reagent that causes DNA damage. Homozygous T-DNA insertion mutants <it>atsrp2 </it>and <it>atsrp3 </it>exhibited no differential growth when mutant and wild-type plants were left untreated or exposed to γ-radiation or ultraviolet light. In contrast, <it>atsrp2 </it>and <it>atsrp3 </it>plants exhibited greater root length, leaf number and overall size than wild-type plants when exposed to MMS. Neither of the two serpins was required for meiosis. GFP-AtSRP2 was localized to the nucleus, whereas GFP-AtSRP3 was cytosolic, suggesting that they target different proteinases. Induction of cell cycle- and DNA damage-related genes <it>AtBRCA1</it>, <it>AtBARD1</it>, <it>AtRAD51</it>, <it>AtCYCB1;1 </it>and <it>AtCYCD1;1</it>, but not <it>AtATM</it>, was reduced relative to wild-type in <it>atsrp2 </it>and <it>atsrp3 </it>mutants exposed to MMS.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Expression of specific serpin genes (<it>AtSRP2 </it>and <it>AtSRP3 </it>in <it>Arabidopsis</it>) is required for normal responses of plants following exposure to alkylating genotoxins such as MMS.</p